Mahmoud aliraqi mansoura university, egypt slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Fresh concrete should be capable of spreading uniformly without inducing any segregation of the aggregates. The fresh concrete which may be expected to give the best results must possess the property of workability. After sieving, the wet mortar samples were cast into cylindrical molds and placed in a benchtop measuring circuit. Concrete cube testing as with all methods of testing, fresh hard concrete are governed by standards set by the british standards institute and or the client inhouse specifications.
Content slump test flow test compacting factor test ve be time test lbox test jring test vfunnel test orimet test 3. Procedures for compressionstrength testing of these cylinders are described in astm c 39. Instantaneous insitu determination of watercement ratio. Routine standard tests for fresh concrete include workability, air content, and matu rity. Place the concrete in the mold and rod each laye r 25 times per layer in 2 equal layers for 100 x. Aci 30199, specifications for structural concrete, requires the slump and air content to be. It can be prepared on the spot and may give a wide range of properties from easily available raw materials we will discuss in details below the different properties of fresh concrete. For penetration, test in accordance with california test 533, method of test for ball penetration in fresh portland cement concrete, each batch of concrete from which strength specimens are made. Slumptest british standardthis european standard specifies a method for determining the consistence of fresh c bs en 12350 2. Samples are taken during production and required tests are then carried out on the samples. This article is intended to serve as a reference guide for entrylevel production workers. Fresh concrete can be easily molded into any designed shape in construction. Abhishek shah sal institute of technology and engineering research ahmedabad india 2.
Bsen1235010 testing fresh concrete document center. Astm c1064 aci temperature of freshly mixed concrete. There are a dozen different test methods for freshly mixed concrete and at least another dozen tests for hardened concrete, not including test method unique to organization like the army corps of engineers, the federal highway administration, and state. This is the most important property of fresh concrete. Testing fresh concrete at the point of delivery is safer for the technician, typically provides a more stable and comfortable work area to ensure that astm testing standards are met, and results in a more continuous flow of concrete that minimizes the potential for concrete segregation and cold joints. When mixing and sampling of concrete is done in a laboratory, different procedures may be required. This is to determine the workability of concrete in terms of slump test. Constituent of mix should be such that concrete can be transported, placed and finished easily without segregation. Compressive strength of concrete cube test pdf, procedure, results the compressive strength of the concrete cube test provides an idea about all the characteristics of concrete. Concrete samples are taken in accordance with california test 539, method of test for sampling fresh concrete. Methods of testing concrete methods for the determination of properties related to the consistence of concrete.
The first 48 hours are very important for the performance of the concrete structure. The test determines the air content of freshly mixed concrete exclusive of any air that may exist inside. Step 7 place the tamping rod on the inverted cone and measure from the bottom of the tamping rod to the displaced center of the slumped concrete. Taking concrete samples at the pointofplacement rather than the pointofdelivery is always. Pdf testing fresh concrete in the field tcm45 abioye. Systematic testing of the raw materials for concrete as also, the concrete, both while it is fresh and after it has hardened, is an inseparable part of any quality control. Astm c 31 covers making, curing, protecting, and transporting concrete test specimens under field conditions. Whenever possible, take freshly mixed concrete from the mass as it is deposited in the work.
When this is not possible, such as, when concrete is deposited in narrow forms, take the sample from the transporting buggy, or in the case of readymixed concrete, by repeatedly passing a. The slump test is a qualityc o n t r ol test because changes in the m e a s u red slump indicate changes in mix proportions, mixing pro c e d u r es, or other factors affecting the n a t u re of fresh concrete. Pdf predicting the workability of fresh concrete using simple. Paired ttests for air contents of fresh concrete and hardened cylinders at 5% significance level 12 table 5. Measuring device must read between 30 to 120 degrees. The simple pullout test was recommended as an alternative test to compacting factor, slump and vb consistometer tests in measuring. This first part of a twopart series explains the basics of sampling mixed concrete and performing a.
Slumptest british standard this european standard specifies a method for determining the consistence of fresh concrete by the slump test. The slump test astm c 143 measures concrete consistency, or the ability of fresh concrete to flow. Tests for fresh concrete building construction civil. Sets and individual components meet astm c143 and aashto t 119 standards. The strength is measured in megapascals mpa and is commonly specified as a characteristic strength of concrete measured at 28 days after. These standards specify all aspects involved in the process of carrying out tests, from the equipment to the method of testing. Trbs national cooperative highway research program nchrp report 540. The potential strength and durability of concrete of a given mix proportion is very dependent on the degree of its compaction. Collect a sample of concrete to perform the slum test. Structural concrete the process of testing fresh concrete in the field begins with the procedures for obtaining and preparing the sample of concrete to be tested. Following astm standards for testing conventional wetcast fresh concrete is critical for manufacturing a highquality precast concrete product by mitch rector.
Air content measure the total air content in a sample of fresh concrete, but does not indicate what the final inplace air content will be, because a certain amount of air is lost in transportation consolidating, placement and finishing. Workability is most often assessed through the slump test aashto t 119, with a desired range in slump for eot concrete often specified between 50 and 150 mm 2 to 6 in. Tests on concrete concrete slump test, compression test for. Gsp 17 gives the standardized procedures for obtaining a representative sample of a batch of concrete, from mixing andor agitating equipment. Read chapter chapter 5 testing of fresh and hardened concrete. They comprise batching, mixing, transporting, placing, compacting, surface finishing. Comparison of air contents in fresh concrete by pressure method, gravimetric method, and volumetric method and in cylinders and cores 9 table 4. Concrete is tested to ensure that the material that was specified and bought is the same material delivered to the job site. Workability must be related to the type of construction and placing and finishing methods. Methods of testing concrete sampling of fresh concrete. Samples for resistivity testing were prepared by sieving wet concrete through a no. There are a dozen different test methods for freshly mixed concrete and at least another dozen tests for hardened concrete, not including test method unique to organization like the army corps of engineers, the federal highway administration, and state department of. Measuring bowl is filled and struck off and the top portion is attached. Sep 22, 2010 tests for concrete to be performed on site.
Workability it is a property of fresh concrete and affects the finished product as it affects compaction. By this single test one judge that whether concreting has been done properly or not. Chapter 6 sampling and testing california department of. Testing fresh concrete in the field concrete construction.
Chapter 5 testing of fresh and hardened concrete guidelines for. Then curing of inplaced concrete starts 610 hours after casting. Concrete is tested to ensure that the material that was specified and bought is the same. The results of cf tests relate to the compactability of the fresh concrete. The requirement for remixing the sample before tests on the fresh concrete, or before making test specimens, is included in the relevant standards. Impro p e r testing or even deviating fro m s t a n d a r d test methods may cause good concrete to be rejected or bad c o n c r ete to be accepted. This guide will teach you how to test air content of concrete with a type b pressure meter. Start casting cylinder within 15 minutes of taking a representative sample of concrete. The only work done onsite is to make a concrete cylinder for the compression test. Common tests on the fresh concrete the constructor.
After batching the concrete, a sample of fresh concrete shall be taken to test for slump tests and the samples for compressive strength test be taken too. The measured slump must be within a set range, or tolerance, from the target slump. It is known that fresh state properties enormously affect hardened state properties due to the following reasons. The slump plate should be clean, firm, level and nonabsorbent. Choose from type b meters, lightweight rollameters or the super air. It is the concrete phase from time of mixing to end of time concrete surface finished in its final location in the structure concrete operations. Tests on concrete concrete slump test, compression test. Stand firmly on the footpieces and fill the volume of the cone with the sample. An astm designation number identifies a unique version of an astm standard.
Active standard astm c231 c231m developed by subcommittee. Methods of testing concrete preparation of concrete mixes in the laboratory. Bsen1235010 testing fresh concrete document center, inc. Understanding the scope, significance, and pro c e d u r e of each test for fresh concrete is the first step to achieving accurate res u l t s. In either case, poor testing penalizes the c o n t r a c t o r, ready mix pro d u c e r, and owner. Instantaneous insitu determination of watercement ratio of.
The slump test consists of filling with fresh concrete and compacting an inverted steel cone in three layers. Start strength tests within 15 minutes of obtaining the sample. Compressive strength of concrete cube test pdf, procedure. Slump test before leaving the batching plant and on arrival on site. The samples were pulverized using a vibratory micromill. Water must be clean, fresh and free from any dirt, unwanted chemicals or. Slump testing includes test cones, bases, tamping rods and accessories for measuring concrete workability. Concrete air meters determine the air content of concrete to meet specification requirements for freezethaw durability. Astm c231 c231m 17a standard test method for air content. Comparison of fresh concrete air content test methods. Mix concrete in accordance with r 39 c192 or sample in accordance with r 60 c172, whichever is applicable. Description download bs en 1235022009 testing fresh concrete.
It covers the reasons you are performing this test, the equipment needed, and the procedure of astm c231. Start slump, temperature, and air content tests within 5 minutes after obtaining the sample of fresh concrete. Not vary by more than 1 degree fahrenheit when verified against a reference thermometer. This document is available in either paper or pdf format. Standard test on fresh concrete linkedin slideshare. Be calibrated annually, or if theres a question of accuracy. Foreword scope normative references terms and definitions apparatus sampling. Summary of concrete workability test methods the university of. Specification for sampling, testing and assessing the suitability of water, including water recovered from processes in the. This standard specifies methods of testing the consistence, density, water content and air content of freshly mixed concrete as defined in subclause 2. Aci manual of concrete inspection reported by aci committee 311 aci 311. Bs en 123501 specifies two procedures for sampling fresh concrete, by composite sampling and by spot sampling.